Vulnerability & Security Guides
Deep-dive guides on vulnerability types, attack techniques, and defense strategies — from Precogs AI security research.
SQL Injection (SQLi)
SQL Injection (SQLi) is a code injection technique that exploits a security vulnerability in an application's database layer. It occurs when...
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) is a client-side code injection attack where an attacker injects malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other...
Buffer Overflow
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of a pre-allocated fixed-length buffer. This can corrupt adjacent ...
Remote Code Execution (RCE)
Remote Code Execution (RCE) is a class of vulnerability that allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code on a target system remotely, typic...
Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) is a vulnerability where an attacker can induce the server-side application to make HTTP requests to an a...
Supply Chain Attack
A software supply chain attack targets the software development, build, or distribution process rather than the final application. Attackers...
Zero-Day Vulnerability
A zero-day vulnerability is a software security flaw that is unknown to the vendor and has no available patch when it is first exploited. Th...
Use-After-Free
A use-after-free (UAF) vulnerability occurs when a program continues to use a pointer after the memory it references has been freed. The fre...
Privilege Escalation
Privilege escalation is the act of exploiting a vulnerability to gain elevated access to resources that are normally protected from an appli...
Vulnerabilities Exploited by Ransomware
Ransomware operators exploit specific vulnerability types for initial access to corporate networks: VPN/remote access flaws, web application...
OS Command Injection
OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsafe user-supplied data to a system shell. Attackers can inject additional commands...
Insecure Deserialization
Insecure deserialization occurs when an application deserializes (converts from byte stream to object) untrusted data without proper validat...
Race Condition Vulnerabilities
A race condition occurs when the behavior of a program depends on the relative timing of events — such as the order in which threads execute...
API Security Best Practices
API security encompasses the strategies and solutions used to protect application programming interfaces from unauthorized access, data thef...
Firmware Security & Analysis
Firmware security involves identifying and remediating vulnerabilities in the embedded software that controls hardware devices — from IoT de...
AI-Generated Code Security
AI-generated code security addresses the unique risks introduced by AI coding assistants (GitHub Copilot, ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini Code Assis...
Container & Docker Security
Container security encompasses the protection of containerized applications throughout their lifecycle — from base image selection and build...
IoT Security Vulnerabilities
IoT security addresses vulnerabilities in the Internet of Things ecosystem — network-connected devices from smart home gadgets to industrial...
Cryptographic Vulnerabilities
Cryptographic vulnerabilities arise from using weak algorithms, implementing cryptography incorrectly, or managing keys insecurely. Even str...